Release of the retina can attack one of 10,000 people every year in the United States. This incident is a serious eye problems and can occur at any age, although it usually occurs in middle age or older. This incident is more likely in people who suffer from nearsightedness (myopia) or minus glasses and in people who are members of their family who have experienced loss of retinal retina.Lepasnya can also occur due to hit hard. In addition, although somewhat rare, this condition is a hereditary disease and even occur in infants and children. If no action is taken soon, the release of the retina will result in defective vision or blindness. The retina is a thin, transparent tissue that is sensitive to light, which consists of cells and nerve fibers. The retina lines the inner wall of the eye like wallpaper lining the walls of the house. The retina functions like film in the camera image: light passing through the lens to be focused onto the retina. Cells of the retina that is sensitive to capture the "image" and channel it to the brain via the optic nerve.
The loss causes and symptoms of Retina
Most of the release of the retina are the result of one or more small tears or holes in the retina. Sometimes the normalpun aging process can cause the retina to be thinner and less healthy, but more often lead to damage and tear in the retina is the shrinking of the corpus vitreum, clear materials such as jelly that fills the center of the eye. Corpus vitreum is closely attached to the retina at several locations around the back of the eye wall. When the corpus vitreum shrunk, he can pull some of the retina with him, causing a tear or hole in the retina. Although some types of shrinkage of the corpus vitreum are some things that normally happen to increasing age and usually does not cause damage to the retina, corpus vitreum can also shrink the eyeball which grew into a huge (sometimes this is a result of nearsightedness), by inflammation , or because of trauma. In most cases the new retina loose after a major change in the structure of the corpus vitreum. If the existing retinal tears are watery fluids such as water can enter from the corpus vitreum kelubang in the retina and can flow between the retina and the back wall. This fluid will separate the retina from the back wall of the eye and cause the retina loose. Retinas part will not function properly and in the area arising blurred vision or blind areas.
Keep in mind that there is some kind of release of the retina caused by other eye diseases, such as tumors, inflammation, severe or as a complication of diabetes. This is called secondary retinal detachments. In this case found no rips or holes in the retina and retinal position could only return to normal with treatment of retinal diseases that lead to the release. Those middle-aged and older sometimes see floating black spots and flashes of light. This situation is usually more rarely found in children or young adults. In most cases these complaints do not indicate a serious problem. But in some of the eye spots and flashes of light that appears suddenly may show shrinkage of the corpus vitreum enough to cause tears diretina. To determine whether there are retinal tears the ophthalmologist should examine the inside of the eye and do a thorough eye examination. These audits should be performed immediately after the complaint was found, because it is still new retinal tears may still be treated without surgery and long before he developed into a more severe retinal loose. Some release of the retina may occur without any black spots or flashes of the real. In this case the patient may realize their vision as a wavy or watery vision or on the edge there is a black shadow. Developments off the retina that will further blur the vision in one eye severe retinal loose unless it is repaired. There are some retinal detachments that occur suddenly and the patient tibaa totally blind in one eye with a sudden. Rapidly emerging vision defects such as these can also be caused by bleeding into the corpus vitreum when retinal tear.
The discovery and diagnostics
Retina can not be seen separated from the outer eye. Therefore, if there are complaints like the above, the patient should immediately went to the ophthalmologist. The doctor will thoroughly examine the retina and the inner eye with an instrument called ophthalmoscope. With bright light and magnification of these tools, physicians can determine the location of the retina that are torn or weak areas that need improvement in treatment. Specific diagnostic tools that may need to be used is a special contact lenses, microscopes, and examination ultrasonograpi (USG)
therapy
If the retinal tear but not out, then the escape of the retina that can be prevented by immediate action. When the retina has separated the retina that should be fixed with surgery by an ophthalmologist. Successful re-attachment of the retina, consisting of the attachment of retinal tears and retinal are not interested in prevention in order to escape again. There are several surgical procedures that can be used. The procedures selected depend on the severity of the retina loose and consideration of a doctor.
Laser photocoagulation: If found small tears in the retina with little or no escape of the retina, then this can be glued together again tear with a laser beam. The laser will place burns-minor burns around the edge of tears. This burn will cause scar tissue that binds the edge of the tear and prevent fluid passing and gathered beneath the retina. Ophthalmology laser surgery is now usually performed as an act in ambulatory patients and do not require surgical incisions.
Freezing (kriopeksi): Freeze the rear wall of the eye located behind the retina tears, it can stimulate the formation of scar tissue and glue the edge of the retinal tears with the back wall bolamata. Freezing is usually done with outpatient procedure but requires local anesthesia on the eye.
Surgical action: If enough fluid has accumulated under the retina and separates the retina with the back of the eye, it would require a more complicated surgery to treat retinal loose it. Technique of operation vary, depending on the extent of the retina's layers. Technique of operation vary, depending on the extent of the loose layer of the retina and damage done, but all are designed to determine the wall of the eye retina kelubang, holding that the two networks that remain attached until the scar tissue attach more tears. Sometimes the fluid must be removed from under the retina to allow the retina back against the back wall of the eye. Often a silicone band or pressure pad placed outside the eye to gently push the wall of the eye onto the retina. In this operation done also acts to create scar tissue that will glue a torn retina, for example by freezing, by laser or with heat diathermy (electric current are injected with a needle).
In more complex retinal detachments may be required technique called vitrektomi. In this operation the corpus vitreum is released from the fibers of connective tissue in the retina, and the shrinking of the corpus vitreum of the eye removed. In some cases if the retina itself is very wrinkled and shrunk the retina may be pushed to the wall of the eye for a while to fill the cavity that had contained the corpus vitreum with air or gas. More than 90% loss of the retina can be reattached with surgical techniques modern eyes. Sometimes it takes more than one operation. When the retina successfully reattached eyes will get back as a function of vision and blindness can be prevented. But how far vision can be restored within six months after successful surgery will depend on a number of general visual function faktor.Pada will be fewer restored when the retina has been detached or appear long enough tissue growth on the surface of the retina.
Forty percent of the successful escape of the retina reattached will be able to produce good vision. Moderate remaining cases are still getting enough vision to read and or walk in various degrees. Unfortunately corpus vitreum that continues to shrink and the emergence of growth on the surface layer of retina, not all retinas can be reattached. If the retina can not be reattached, the eye will continue to decline and eventually went blind eyesight. The surgery can be performed either with local anesthetic or general anesthetic, depending on the health of patients and the estimated time required to re merakatkan retina. Rarely need to restrain retinal detachments not to move in the long run before or after surgery. But patients who require an injection of air or gas must mempertankan certain head positions until a few days after the operation. Patients with a simple release of the retina usually allow people to walk on the day after surgery and were discharged from hospital a few days. Usually after coming home from the hospital so that it takes is an ointment and eye drops. Sometimes needed glasses or contact lenses after surgery if the retina was necessary vision correction.
Who treating retinal detachments?
Competent ophthalmologists treat retinal detachments. An ophthalmologist is a physician who has been educated, trained and licensed to provide comprehensive eye care, which includes measures of medical eye examinations, prescription eye make corrections, diagnose various diseases and disorders of the eye, as well as medical procedures and operations to determine appropriate and necessary for treatment. There is also a pediatric ophthalmologist who received additional training in caring for and treating diseases of the corpus vitreum and retina, including retinal detachments. Patients with symptoms of retinal release needs to be addressed by a doctor who will thoroughly examine the inner eye and advise the necessary treatment. People who suffer from nearsightedness (myopia) with high minus glasses or whose family members had experienced retinal detachments, should have periodic eye examinations to the doctor so that changes in the corpus vitreum can be detected as early as possible, so that in addition to diagnosis, doctors can prevent the release of the retina probably will happen.
